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Thursday, April 23, 2020

Who Shot Bonny Lee Bakley?

The Robert Blake and the Bonnie Lee Bakley murder investigation ...
On May 4th, 2001, actor Robert Blake was out to dinner with his wife, Bonny Lee Bakely at Vitello's Restaurant on Tujunga Avenue in Studio City, Los Angeles. Bonnie sat in her car, which was parked on a side street around the corner from the restaurant, while Robert went back into the restaurant to collect a gun which he had left there. While inside Bonny was killed by a gunshot wound to the head.

Robert: "It's my wife. Get an ambulance here."

9-1-1 Operator: "Is she conscious? Is she conscious Robert?"

Robert: "No!"
Image result for bonnie lee bakley
Her kids loved her. She was a hell of a mom. A lot of other people in her life liked being around her. She wanted to be part of their lives, and they wanted her to be part of their lives. She was a good person. She was just very business oriented.

Bonny Lee Bakley was born on June 7th, 1956 in Morristown, New Jersey to arborist Edward J. Bakley and his wife, Marjorie Lois Bakley. Bonny had three siblings: Margerry Lisa Bakley, Joe Bakley, and her half-brother Peter Carlyon from her mother's second marriage. Their father was an alcoholic and Bonny had a hard time in school. And the kids were mean to her. She ended up being raised by her grandmother in Glen Gardner, while her mother operated an antique business at 6 Kossuth Street in Wharton.

Bonny grew up near a nudist colony and the colony regularly hosted community "clothes-on" swim events. However, when Bonny and her sister decided to attend one of these events, they mistakenly showed up for a "clothes-off" swim. Bonny was 11,  and although her sister never went back, Bonny did. That’s where she got her start in the taking of nude photos. Even though she was underage people were taking photos of her and selling them.

Bonny dropped out of high school at age 16 and decided to go to New York City to pursue a career in modeling and acting at the Barbizon School of Modeling. She met an immigrant named Evangelos Paulakis who needed to get married in order to stay in the United States. Bonny agreed to marry him for a price, but then she almost immediately ended the marriage and he was deported.

At 21, Bonny married her first cousin Paul Gawron. During their 5 year marriage they had a daughter, Holly, and a son, Glen. The couple divorced in 1982.

In an effort to support herself, Bonny began a mail-order business sending nude pictures of women, including herself, to men. She also ran "lonely hearts" ads in magazines advertising for a "male companion." After communicating with the men who answered her ads, she would ask for money for rent or travel expenses. Bonny eventually made enough money to buy several houses in Memphis and a house outside Los Angeles. She was unsuccessful, however, in her Hollywood career as a singer and actor under the stage name Lee Bonny.

"Bonny couldn't carry a tune in a bucket. But, yet, she did it. And she would laugh at herself,” said Bonny's friend Robert Stefanow.

In 1989, Bonny was arrested in Memphis for drug possession and fined $300. 

Bonny had moved to Memphis because she wanted to date rock ‘n’ roll star Jerry Lee Lewis. Bonny eventually did meet Lewis and even became close friends with Lewis' sister, Linda Gail Lewis. In 1993, Bonny claimed that the daughter she gave birth to, Jeri Lee, was Lewis' child. A DNA test later proved he wasn’t the father. 

While in Memphis, Bonny was arrested for attempting to pass two bad checks from an account of a Memphis record company. Bonny was fined $1,000 and sentenced to work on a penal farm on weekends after she plea bargained down to lesser charges. She was arrested in Little Rock, Arkansas for possessing five driver's licenses and seven Social Security cards with different names. She used the IDs to open various post-office boxes in order to run her "lonely hearts" scam.

Bonny decided to relocate to California. She left Jeri Lee with her ex-husband Paul to raise, but continued to financially support the child. While in California Bonny began "stalking" star Dean Martin, who was 78-years-old at the time. After he passed away she decided to pursue Christian Brando, the troubled son of Marlon Brando. 

In 1990, Christian Brando fatally shot Dag Drollet, the boyfriend of his half-sister Cheyenne Brando. He pleaded guilty to manslaughter and spent five years in prison. While he was in jail, Bonny sent nude photos to him.

While Bonny was seeing Christian Brando, she had also started seeing Robert Blake. 
Robert Blake Baretta 1977.JPG
Robert Blake was born Michael James Gubitosi in Nutley, New Jersey on September 18th, 1933 to Elizabeth Cafone and a die setter for a can manufacturer named Giacomo (James) Gubitosi. 

Robert's parents were vaudeville performers, and he spent his childhood performing with his family's vaudeville act. They were billed as "The Three Little Hillbillies." During his childhood, Blake moved with his family to Hollywood, California, where he worked as an extra for the MGM studios.

At first Robert was known as "Mickey Gubitosi". His first role was as Toto in the MGM movie Bridal Suite. Robert then began appearing in MGM's The Little Rascals under his real name. He appeared in 40 of the shorts between 1939 and 1944. Robert was was criticized for being unconvincing when he tried to cry on screen. He was also criticized for being obnoxious and whiny. 

In 1942, he acquired the stage name "Bobby Blake".

In 1942, Robert appeared as "Tooky" Stedman in Andy Hardy's Double Life.

In 1944, Robert began playing a Native American boy, "Little Beaver," in the Red Ryder western series at what is now CBS Radford Studios, appearing in twenty-three of the movies until 1947. He also a had role in Laurel and Hardy's film The Big Noise, and the Warner Bros. movies Humoresque, playing John Garfield's character as a child, and The Treasure of the Sierra Madre, playing the Mexican boy who sells Humphrey Bogart a winning lottery ticket. 


Robert's father was an abusive alcoholic and and allegedly physically and sexually abused Robert. Robert said that his mother also abused him. While growing up his parents frequently locked him in a closet and forced to eat off the floor as punishment. When Robert entered public school at age 10, he was bullied and had fights with other students, which led to his expulsion. At age 14, he ran away from home, leading to several more difficult years. 

In 1950, Robert was drafted into the United States Army. Upon leaving he found himself without any job prospects and fell into a deep depression. He became addicted to heroin and cocaine. He also sold drugs. Robert entered Jeff Corey's acting class and eventually became a seasoned Hollywood actor, playing notable dramatic roles in movies and on television. In 1956, he was billed as Robert Blake for the first time.

Robert's father committed suicide in 1956.

In 1959, Robert turned down the role of Little Joe Cartwright, a character ultimately portrayed by Michael Landon, in NBC's western television series Bonanza. He did appear that year as Tobe Hackett in the episode "Trade Me Deadly" of the series 26 Men. Robert also appeared twice as "Alfredo" in the syndicated western The Cisco Kid. He appeared in guest lead roles in the CBS series Have Gun Will Travel, as well as one-time guest roles in other western series on NBC and ABC.

Robert performed in the starring role in The Purple Gang and featured roles in Pork Chop Hill and other films.

Robert was a member of the ensemble cast of the 1963 The Richard Boone Show. 

In 1964, Robert married actress Sondra Kerry and together they had to children.

At 33, Robert played Billy the Kid in the 1966 episode "The Kid from Hell's Kitchen" of the series Death Valley Days.

In 1967, Robert played real-life murderer Perry Smith in In Cold Blood.

More prominent roles followed in several films before Robert returned to TV.

In 1975, Robert was cast in what he is best known for, his Emmy Award-winning role of Tony Baretta in the popular television series Baretta. He played a street-wise, plain clothes police detective. The show's trademarks included Baretta's pet cockatoo "Fred," his signature phrases "Don't do the crime if you can't do the time", "That's the name of that tune" and "You can take that to the bank."

By this time, Robert had also become known for his often volatile behavior. Robert then appeared in Mice and Men, Blood Feud, and Hoffa.

Robert and his wife divorced in 1983.

After taking a break for a few years, he made a comeback. In 1993, he received an Emmy nomination for his performance as a New Jersey accountant-turned-mass murderer in the TV drama Judgement Day: The John List Story. Robert then landed supporting roles in Money Train and Lost Highway among other parts.


In 1995, Robert was honored by the Young Artist Foundation with its Former Child Star "Lifetime Achievement" Award.

Fast forward to 2000. In June, Bonny gave birth to a baby girl she named Christian Shannon Brando, claiming Christian Brando was the father. She also told Robert that he was the father. Robert insisted on a paternity test which later determined that he, not Brando, was the father. The child's name was legally changed to Rose Lenore Sophia Blake.

When Robert initially found out that Bonny was pregnant, he told her to have an abortion. Bonny recorded all of her phone conversations. In phone recordings Robert threatened her several times on several different occasions. 

Robert wasn't the only to threaten Bonny. Christian Brando threatened her as well. In one recorded phone conversation in particular, Christian said to Bonny "You're lucky somebody ain't out there to pull a bul-bullet in your head." 

After Bonny had Rose, he agreed to marry Bonny under the condition that she sign a temporary custody agreement. Bonny agreed to monitored visits with Rose and to get written permission for her friends and family to visit Robert's property. The agreement also stipulated that if either spouse decided to end the marriage, the other spouse would retain custody of Rose. Bonny and Robert were married in November 2000.

Although they were married, the couple never lived together. Bonny and Rose lived in a small guest house beside Robert's in Studio City of the San Fernando Valley.

Robert was distrustful of Bonny and hired a private investigator to find more information about her. He later found out that Bonny had continued to operate her "lonely hearts" ad scam during the marriage.

Robert's oldest son, Noah, said that Robert was very controlling and hardly spoke about Bonny. Noah also claimed that it didn't matter if you were, family, friends or strangers, if you did something that Robert didn't like, "you were just out."

This brings us back to May 4th, 2001. Sean Stanek heard a pounding on his door. When he swung it open, Robert Blake stood on the other side. Robert had a black T-shirt on and jeans. His eyes were dilated. He was hysterically screaming, "You gotta help me! You gotta help us! My wife's been beaten up!"  

Sean made the call to 9-1-1 with Robert yelling in the background. Sean also tried to save Bonny's life. He rushed to the car while Robert ran the other way to allegedly go get help. Sean opened the car door and leaned down to pull Bonny up. As he did so Bonny gurgled. He then put a towel to the back of her head. A few minutes later, Robert came back and stood in the street flailing his arms and screaming, "What's wrong with her?! What's going on?!"

When Robert had went to get help, he had went back to the restaurant and yelled for a doctor. There had been a nurse dining there that had followed him back to the scene. She ran right up to the car. She reached over Sean and turned on the dome light. That is when a large bullet hole in Bonny's head was visible.

Paramedics showed up and tried to save Bonny. They discovered that she was shot once in the face and once in the shoulder. While all this is happening, Robert had taken a seat on the curb. Sean sat down next to him. Robert was rocking back and forth rambling, "I knew, i knew this was going to happen. i knew this was going to happen."

Sean put his arm around Robert who was sobbing deeply, with no tears. 

Samer Issa was a patrol officer at the time. He was trying to comfort Robert while getting information out of him. Robert told Issa that he carried a concealed weapon because his wife was in the porn business. He said that "they" tried to kill her a couple of times before. Issa also said that it appeared that Robert was trying to cry, but couldn't produce any tears. Issa didn't want to tell Robert that Bonny was already dead, so when Robert asked him how she was, Issa told him to keep his hopes up and that they were working on her. At this point it seemed as though Robert became more nervous and that he was concerned about the fact that she may still be alive. More officers then arrived and took Robert to the North Hollywood Community Police Station so he would be more comfortable and out of the prying eyes of the media that quickly descended on the seen.

Bonny was taken to St. Joseph Medical Center in Burbank where she was pronounced dead. 

Meanwhile, Robert was questioned. Two and a half hours later he was tested for gun shot residue. There were two consistent particles of the gunshot residue on the sample taken from his right hand. On his left there was three. This is not enough residue to be consistent with firing a gun, but Robert did use the bathroom several times within those two and a half hours. He also had his hands in the wet grass at the scene and he had ran his fingers through his hair.

Robert is then asked to take a polygraph, which he refused to do.

And a dumpster at the crime scene was searched, which led to the discovery of the murder weapon. It was an old World War II German officer's handgun, the 9-millimeter Walther P38. It's serial number had been scraped off and had one bullet left in the chamber and was cocked and ready to fire. 

There was also some kind of oil, such as motor oil, found on the gun. It was surmised that the oil had been poured on the weapon to destroy the fingerprints and DNA. Even though there was oil on the gun, there was none found in the dumpster.

Criminals don't usually leave a weapon, especially a gun at a murder scene.

Robert's clothes were tested for Bonny's blood, and that test came up negative. However, inside of the vehicle there was not blood on the door where the shooter had fired the gun from.

The car door window was half way down, so Robert had to have gotten in the car, put the key in the ignition and rolled the window half way down. He then would have had to turned the car off, taken the keys and went back up to the restaurant. It was 57 degrees that night by the way.

The restaurant staff and patrons were questioned and no one remembered seeing Robert come back in or anything being left at his table.

Detectives searched Robert and Bonny's homes. There was $12,000 in cash hidden in a bedroom dresser, 9-millimeter pistols from Robert's gun collection and in a cabinet a 100 count box of 9-millimeter rounds, which was the same caliber as the Walther P38. The box of rounds was missing three bullets. It turned out that the bullets from the gun were factory loaded and did not match those found at Robert's home.

Almost a year after the shooting, a former Hollywood stuntman, Roy "Snuffy" Harrison, told investigators that in November of 2000, Robert asked him for the two phone numbers of stuntmen he had worked with, Gary McLarty and Ronald "Duffy" Hambleton. When those two stuntmen were questioned, they told police that less than two months before her death, Robert tried get them to kill Bonny. They also said that he had a secret phone card that he used to communicate with them. McLarty said that he even met Robert at a restaurant to talk about the potential hit. There were receipts and phone records that proved the use of the card to talk to the two men and only the two men, plus the meeting at the restaurant.

On November 18th, 2002, Robert was taken into custody and charged with one count of murder with special circumstances of lying in wait, two counts of solicitation of murder, and one count of conspiracy, to which he plead not guilty.
Robert's bodyguard, Earle Caldwell, was also arrested and charged with conspiracy to commit murder after investigators found a  "shopping list" in the glove compartment of his jeep along with a German World War II handgun in his apartment.

Later it was found out that Earle had a rock solid alibi for the time of Bonny's shooting. Robert had sent Earle out of town with his ex wife. So the charges were dropped.

Robert's murder trial began on December 20th, 2004. 
On March 16th, 2005, the jury found Robert not guilty.

Bonny's case is currently unsolved.

Who do you think pulled the trigger?

Occam's razor, the most obvious solution to a problem is usually true. It is possible that Robert is totally innocent in his wife's murder, however, he makes the most sense to me as the killer. He was so afraid for Bonny's safety that he left her in a car in the ally. The car had the window rolled down and he took the keys with him. No one saw him go back to get his gun. Then there is the whole thing with the hitmen and the calling card. It didn't seem that Robert approved of Bonny's lifestyle and he didn't even like her enough to live in the same house. He had a massive gun collection and his bodyguard had a German pistol. The gun was thrown in the dumpster in my opinion because whoever threw it in there couldn't be seen with it. They were probably on foot. Since the window was rolled down, it had to have been someone she knew. 

#WhoShotBonnyLeeBakley?

Sunday, April 19, 2020

Where Is My Flashlight Podcast: Episode 14: The Disappearance Of Cole Thomas

Who Murdered Chandra Levy?

On May 6th, 2001, in Modesto, California, Bob Levy called Washington D.C police. He hasn't heard from his daughter, Chandra, in five days. 
She was born April 14, 1977 in Cleveland, Ohio to Robert and Susan Levy. As a child, she had a bold personality. She was also very bright. Later the family moved to Modesto, California, where Chandra attended Grace M. Davis High School. She then attended San Francisco State University, where she earned a degree in journalism. She interned for the California Bureau of Secondary Education and worked in the office of Los Angeles Mayor Richard Riordan. After that, she began attending the University of Southern California to earn a master's degree in public administration. She was interested in pursuing a law degree and had submitted her application for employment with the FBI.

On Friday, September 14th, 2000, as part of her final semester of study Chandra moved to Washington, D.C. and became an intern at the Federal Bureau of Prisons. 


In October, 2000 she was assigned to the public affairs division at the bureau's headquarters. Her supervisor, Dan Dunne, was impressed with her work, especially her handling of media inquiries regarding the upcoming execution of Timothy McVeigh.


Chandra spent Thanksgiving weekend with her aunt, on the eastern shore of Maryland. Chandra revealed that she has an older boyfriend that is a congressman.

Saturday, December 23, Chandra sends an email to a friend saying,
"Everything in D.C. else in D.C. is going good, my man will be coming back here when congress starts up again."

Chandra called the landlord around mid- January 2001. She talked about the possibility of breaking lease to move in with an unidentified boyfriend. Weeks later she tells the landlord it didn't work out.

Her family came to visit her on Friday, April 6th. They join up at Chandra's aunts house for Passover weekend in Chesapeake. 

Former Rep. Gary Condit Breaks Silence 15 Years After Chandra Levy ...
She tells her aunt that her boyfriend gave her a bracelet and he is Rep. Gary Condit, D-Calif.

Her internship was terminated in April 2001 because her academic eligibility was found to have expired in December 2000. Monday, April 27th, was her last day of interning. She had already completed her master's degree requirements and was scheduled to return to California in May 2001 for graduation. 

Saturday, April 28th, Chandra left two messages on the landlord's machine saying that her job had ended. She also e-mails that she would like to move out by May 5th or 6th. She said that, "I have no real reason to stay around here."

Also, Condit's wife allegedly arrived in Washington.

Sunday, April 29th, Chandra's aunt received a phone message from her. She said in her message she needed to talk to her about something important.The aunt doesn't return the phone call.

Monday, April 30th, Chandra cancels her membership to the Washington Sports club and leaves the gym sometime after 7 p.m.

Tuesday, May 1st, Chandra decides it's time to return home to California and sends her last email to her parents. She sends them a listing with airline fares. She surfs the internet until 1 p.m.  Chandra then left her apartment in the Dupont Circle neighborhood of  Washington D.C. and then no one hears from Chandra ever again.

At the same time, Condit was allegedly meeting with the Vice President of the United States, Dick Cheney.

"It's about 6:30, i haven't heard from you, so maybe you are out of the country or something. Anyway, give me a call when you get this message. Bye," said Condit the first of of two messages he had left in Chandra's voicemail.

"It's 11:45. Um, sorry i've been tied up the last few days, um, on your end on that. So, uh, give me a call, give me a rundown on kind of what your schedule is. Things are looking pretty good for me today. Anyway, bye," said Condit in his second call.

Fast forward to May 6th. At 3 p.m., police searched Chandra's apartment for clues. It appears that she was packed up and ready to leave. Her driver's license, credit cards and cell phone were still in the apartment. Her keys were missing and her gold ring.

After looking at Chandra's apartment, it was clear to investigators that Chandra was planning on coming back. Thinking that she had possibly had been attacked, police started looking in trashcans and alleys for evidence.

A detective tried to look at Chandra's computer and somehow corrupted it in the process. So they had to take it to a forensic expert to try to salvage what they could.

One of the things that investigators failed to do was get the video footage of the surveillance camera outside Chandra's apartment. By the time they got around to it, the tape was recorded over.

Back in California, Chandra's parents looked at her cellphone bill. They found a phone number which had been called many times. The number was identified as belonging to California congressman Gary Condit, had been called many times. 

Even though it appeared that Condit was having an affair with Chandra, he claimed that they were just friends and that he was very fond of her. Condit quickly became a person of interest in her disappearance. When police talked with him, he was very secretive, but his alibi was very hard to poke holes in.

Investigators talked with everyone that Chandra knew and worked for in Washington D.C.

Friday, May 11th, Chandra misses her graduation ceremony.

Wednesday, May 16th, police say cadaver dogs have found nothing in parks or along the Potomac and Anacostia rivers.

Friday, May 18th, the Washington Post quotes a deputy police chief saying Chandra had visited Condit's apartment several times and then later denies the statement. Also, Chandra's friends, family and supporters hold a vigil in Sacramento, Calif.

On June 21st, Chandra parents went on T.V. to plead for their daughter's safe return.

"We are parents are very heartbroken, as we don't know where our daughter is. But i believe and continue to hope and pray that she will come back to us alive," said Susan Levy.

Chandra's parents had felt like they were getting stonewalled and they were hoping that she was alive someplace so they hired private investigator Joe McCann. Joe was a 30 year police veteran and the head of Washington D.C.'s homicide department for 15 years. From the beginning Joe knew that Chandra was murdered.

Friday, July 6th, Condit finally admitted to police that he had a sexual relationship with Chandra.

Tuesday, July 10th,  police and FBI forensics investigators enter and search Condit's apartment just before 11 p.m. Washington as investigators consider whether the congressman may have tried to obstruct justice in the search for Chandra. A witness told police that the night before the search they saw Condit throw something away in another neighborhood, in someone else's trash can. That object turned out to be a a watch box.

Wednesday, July 11th, forensic investigators wrap up a three-hour search of Condit's apartment.

Thursday, July 12th, Condit turns over a DNA sample to police, which matched semen stains found in Chandra's underwear in her apartment.

Investigators also search abandoned apartment buildings for signs of Chandra.

After information was finally retrieved from Chandra's computer, on Monday, July 16th, U.S. Park Police on horseback join police academy cadets in combing through the woods of Rock Creek Park in Northwest Washington, because Chandra surfed an Internet site for directions to a historic mansion in the park on the day she vanished. They believe she might have met someone there. They found nothing.
Bombshell In Chandra Levy Case - FITSNews
On May 22nd, 2002, around 9:30 a.m., a man on a morning outing with his dog in Rock Creek Park, near Broad Branch Creek, swept away loose debris and uncovered skeletal remains that later matched Chandra's dental records. Detectives found bones and personal items scattered, but not buried, in a forested area along a steep incline where they had not previously searched. A sports bra, sweat shirt, leggings and tennis shoes were among the evidence that was recovered. Chandra's remains were found about four miles from her apartment. 

At the end of Chandra's leggings, both sides had been tied in a knot on the end. This might indicate that it was used to restrain Chandra in some way. Her underwear and shirt had been turned inside out. Her shirt also had a weird pattern on it, like it might have been put in her mouth. One of her shoes had it's laces untied.

On May 28th, D.C. medical examiner Jonathan L. Arden officially declared Levy's death a homicide. Arden found damage to her hyoid bone.

On June 6th, the private investigator McCann found Chandra shin bone with some twisted wire about 25 yards from the other remains.

The Autopsy couldn't confirm she was pregnant, but before her death Chandra told at least one friend that she was and that it was the senator's baby.

In September 2001, an informant held in a D.C. jail, claimed to have knowledge of Chandra's killer. 
Convicted killer of Chandra Levy granted retrial
The informant said that Ingmar Guandique, a 20-year-old illegal immigrant from El Salvador also being held in the jail, told him that Condit paid him $25,000 to kill Chandra. Guandique had already admitted to assaulting two other women in the same park where Chandra's remains were found.
He failed to show up for work on the day of Chandra's disappearance. His face appeared scratched and bruised at around that time.The investigators on the Chandra's case did not interview the other Rock Creek Park victims. Guandique denied attacking Chandra.

In 2006, Cathy L. Lanier replaced the lead detective on the case with three veteran investigators who had more homicide experience.

In September 2008, investigators searched Guandique's federal prison cell in California and found a photo of Chandra that he had saved from a magazine. Police interviewed acquaintances of Guandique and witnesses of the other Rock Creek Park incidents.

On March 3, 2009, the Superior Court of the District of Columbia issued an arrest warrant for Guandique.

April 22, Guandique was charged in D.C. with Chandra's murder.
He was indicted by a grand jury on six counts. He pleaded not guilty. Prosecution witness Armando Morales, who shared a cell with Guandique at the U.S. Penitentiary in Kentucky, stated that Guandique, a fellow member of the Mara Salvatrucha gang, confided to him that he had killed Chandra while trying to rob her, but said that he did not rape her.

During closing arguments prosecutor Amanda Haines contended that Guandique bound and gagged Chandra after attacking her, leaving her to die of dehydration or exposure in the park.

On November 22nd, 2010, the jury found Guandique guilty of both remaining counts of first-degree murder.

On June 3rd, 2015, the defense said a new witness, a neighbor of Chandra's, called 911 at 4:37 a.m. on the last day Chandra's was alive to report hearing a "blood-curdling scream."

On June 4th, 2015, Judge Gerald Fisher granted a motion for the new trial.

On July 28th, 2016, prosecutors announced that they would not proceed with the case against Guandique and would, instead, seek to have him deported.

Chandra's case is unsolved.

Who do you think murdered Chandra? I hope that with the advancement in technology over the years, that her clothes will be looked at again and tested for DNA. And maybe once and for all we can find out #WhoMurderedChandraLevy

Wednesday, April 15, 2020

This Week In History

This Week In History



April 12th

  1872 Jesse James gang robs bank in Columbia, Kentucky.
 1937 Sir Frank Whittle ground-tests the first jet engine designed to power an aircraft at Rugby, England. 
 1945 Canadian troops liberate Nazi concentration camp Westerbork, Netherlands.
  1945 US President Franklin D. Roosevelt dies in office and Vice President Harry Truman is sworn in as 33rd US President.
 1955 Polio vaccine tested by Jonas Salk announced to be 'safe and effective' and is given full approval by the US Food and Drug Administration.
  1961 Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin becomes the first person to orbit Earth.


 



April 13th

 1796 First elephant arrives in US from India 
 1860 1st Pony Express reaches Sacramento, California.
  1954 Physicist and Father of the Atomic Bomb
Robert Oppenheimer  accused of being a communist.
 1994 Asteroid 7373 Takei discovered and named after Star Trek actor George Takei. 
 2019 World's largest plane by wingspan at 117m (385 ft), the Stratolaunch, built as a flying launch pad for satellites, takes its first flight from Mojave, California. 




April 14th

 1865 US President Abraham Lincoln is shot by John Wilkes Booth at Ford's Theater in Washington. 
 1903 Dr Harry Plotz discovers vaccine against typhoid.
 1912 RMS Titanic hits an iceberg at 11.40 p.m. off Newfoundland
 1981 1st Space Shuttle, Columbia 1, returns to Earth.
 2003 The Human Genome Project is completed with 99% of the human genome sequenced to an accuracy of 99.99% 
 2015 Archeologists announce they have found at Lomekwi in Kenya 3.3 million-year old stone tools, the oldest ever discovered and which pre-date the earliest humans 
 2018 Beyoncé is the first black woman to headline the Coachella Music Festival, her performance on this day the most-watched performance ever on YouTube 
 2019 South Bend mayor Pete Buttigieg officially announces his presidential campaign in Indiana, first openly gay candidate to run for US president 




April 15th

 1877 1st telephone installed: Boston-Somerville in Massachusetts 
 1912 RMS Titanic sinks at 2:27 AM off Newfoundland as the band plays on, with the loss of between 1,490 and 1,635 people 
 1941 1st helicopter flight of 1 hr duration, Stratford, Ct 
 2013 Boston Marathon bombings: 3 people are killed and 183 injured after two explosions near the finish line 
 2019 Measles cases jump 300% in first three months of 2019, according to World Health Organization, largest rise in Africa (700%) with 800 deaths in Madagascar 
 2019 Aretha Franklin posthumously receives the Pulitzer Prize Special Citation honor, first individual woman to win it since 1930 
 2019 Paris cathedral Notre Dame catches fire, toppling its spire and destroying its roof 




April 16th

 1789 George Washington heads for 1st presidential inauguration 
 1922 Annie Oakley sets women's record by breaking 100 clay targets in a row 
 1929 NY Yankees become 1st team to wear uniform numbers 
 1993 Jury reaches guilty verdict in Federal case against police officer who beat Rodney King, 
 2007 Virginia Tech massacre: The deadliest mass shooting in modern American history. The gunman, Seung-Hui Cho, kills 32 people and injures 23 others before committing suicide. 




April 17th

 1492 Christopher Columbus signs a contract with the Spanish monarchs to find the "Indies" with the stated goal of converting people to Catholicism. 
 1961 1,400 Cuban exiles land in Bay of Pigs in a doomed attempt to overthrow Fidel Castro
 1969 Sirhan Sirhan is convicted of assassinating US Senator Robert F. Kennedy 
 2001 A letter between Gale Norton and Jeb Bush is released, stating that the Bush administration has decided to go ahead with plans to auction 6 million acres of potentially oil-and-gas-rich seabed in the Gulf of Mexico 
 2002 Four Canadian Forces soldiers are killed in Afghanistan by friendly fire from two United States Air Force F-16s, the first deaths in a combat zone for Canada since the Korean War 
 2019 Research showing pigs brains partially brought back to life at Yale University, published in "Nature" 
 2019 10 babies with "bubble boy disease" cured using a gene therapy made from HIV at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, according to new study 




April 18th

 1775 Paul Revere and William Dawes ride from Charlestown to Lexington warning the "regulars are coming!" 
 1783 Fighting ceases in the American Revolution, eight years to the day when it began 
 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire kills nearly 4,000 while destroying 75% of the city 
 1983 A lone suicide bomber kills 63, at US Embassy in Lebanon 
1986 IBM produces 1st megabit-chip 
 2013 Two earth-like planets are discovered orbiting the star Kepler-62